Welcome to Gaia! ::

The vehicle is designed similarly, bot not identically, to the Japanese Type-10 tank, the Russian T-14 Armata tank, and the U.S. military M6-series conceptually designed assault tank (which is itself based on the M1 abrams), more similar to the U.S. Army Future Combat Systems in design. The design is not identical to these tanks, but similar in lay-out in that an unmanned turret is used (which reduces the weight of the tank by at least 22 tons), and that the crew are placed in a single extremely well protected compartment, like in the A-10 warthog, rather than spread out over the vehicle. This allows the size of the tanks to be decreased by roughly 35%, and this can be further reduced by using more automated, remote controlled, and electrically powered systems. By removing the need for a human to manually loaded a round in to the main cannon and having it be automated, in addition to removing human spotters and driving the tank by cameras, the overall size of the vehicle can be reduced. The crew is entirely contained within this compartment, and be removing necessary movement or walking paths in the vehicle, essentially gaps designed to allow crew members, as well as crew compartments, the necessary protected volume of the tank can be reduced, and the weight as a result reduced substantially. Like the Israeli Merkava tank, the tank has the engine in the front, to help protect the crew and shrink the overall size of the vehicle, as well a number of internal mortar systems, and active protection systems against missiles and RPG's. The vehicle also uses a hybrid-electric engine based on the German engine design, which is 2-3 times more fuel efficient than a standard M1 abrams engine, of which the Tank is fundamentally based on.

The vehicle makes additional weight saves by being hybrid and removing approximately 3 tons of the previous driving fuselage, and the crank shaft as well as protected volume needed to spin the turret, which is instead powered by an electric motor rather than from the engine directly. All combined this shaves off approximately 6 tons, but this is ultimately regained by the weight of the hybrid systems batteries and other mechanisms, including weapons systems, that are added to the vehicle. The vehicle also takes advantage of newer materials that are stronger than the ceramics and steels used in the 1980's, which further reduces the weight of the vehicle by additional 30-40%. While it is possible to drop the weight of the vehicle to nearly 30 tons, the use of newer and a greater number of weapons systems adds to this overall weight, as well as the continued use of Depleted uranium armor which cannot be reduced in weight. The vehicle is unique in that it's designed to take advantage of more modern electromagnetic acceleration methods to assist the main cannon when firing, utilizing a guass-gun chemical propellant hybrid cannon (or railgun-guass gun hybrid) to accelerate the projectile beyond the normal velocity typiclly found by a tank. The 120mm Rheinmtall or 130mm Rheinmtall cannon is typically used, with the guass gun providing an additional 30-100% acceleration to the projectile for a limited number of shots, typically 3-9, or 1-3 if based solely on the capacitors. With nearly 1500 kilograms (3300 pounds) of necessary capacitors and batteries designed for this cannon and the additional 5000 pounds required by the gun itself, the added weight and space needed to protect the capacitors and batteries increases the size of the tank substantially. The Cannon, while using magnetically accelerated projectiles, still relies heavily on the chemical propellants for the injection velocity and can use normal unassisted 120mm or 130mm tank rounds or high explosive tank rounds when desired. The tank cannon also utilizes a pepper-pot style muzzlebreak which is compatible with the discarding sabot rounds of modern tanks, which reduces the recoil force of the tank to some degree and can make the tank turret slightly smaller as well.

The tank utilizes a more modern, hybrid-electric engine design, similar to that of the Fed Bravo and U.S. Army Future Ground systems program, with the engine itself based on the German Leopard II MTU MB 873 Ka-501 liquid-cooled V12 twin-turbo diesel engine, although redesigned a little to fit in to the hull of the M90 Scorpion. This engine, while more fuel efficient, requires a specific form of diesel fuel, and thus is not compatible with other fuels by the U.S. military, such as in aircraft, which the previous M1 abrams was (such as JP5 and JP8 fuel). It results however in approximately 2 times greater fuel efficiency, and with the hybrid electric design is over 3 times as efficient. With a reduction in vehicle size and an increase in fuel volume over the Leopard II, the vehicle has a dramatically increased operational range, of nearly 1300 miles over the 340 and 250 miles of the Leopard II and M1 Abrams respectively. However, the loaded M90 Scorpion is typically a little heavier than this, reducing the fuel efficiency somewhat (typically by an additional 15%). The sleeker design also provides marginal aerodynamic drag increases, however like all tanks the presence of angled surface designed to stop projectiles and the presence of slat armor of course decreases the overall benefit of aerodynamics, which are rather poor on any properly designed tank vehicle. The tank engine is just as powerful as the previous M1 abrams, at 1500 horsepower, and just as reliable, however it cannot use the same fuel, using entirely diesel fuel instead. The engine also makes uses of compressed air at 27% oxygen compared to 20% instead, increasing it's fuel efficiency somewhat.

The vehicle also makes use of a number of active protection systems, in addition to the passive protection of the armor. The armor is roughly as competent as the M1 abrams, using the same type of armor but less of it, and the crew is better protected since they are sandwiched deeper inside the vehicle and way from the fuel and ammunition, while simultaneously being being the engine, which serves as extra protection against enemy fire. On top of this are active protection systems, such as those against missiles, using both kinetic interception and electromagnetic defenses, tracking systems designed to alert the crew of oncoming projectiles and automatically move the tank out of the way, and stealth technology designed to make the tank harder to be targeted by radar and infrared. The M90 makes extensive use of radar and thermal cameras, with several panoramic cameras around the tank that not only help the crew see, but automatically detect and move the tank out of the way of oncoming missiles and projectiles. Against slow moving projectiles such as missiles or anti-tank rocket launchers this is substantially easier, but against high velocity projectiles is typically less effective. The missile can also be shot down by the 7.62mm minigun, or the electromagnetic defense systems designed to scramble the electronics of drones or anti-tank missiles. The vehicle comes equipped with numerous smoke grenade canisters, including the 60mm and 120mm mortars, which are automatically reloaded by the tank, which protect the smoke from targeting and even can block infrared if the right smoke grenades are used. Finally the vehicle makes extensive use of stealth technology, such as with Adaptiv which masks the tanks infrared signature, and radar counter measures such as with the PL-01 tank. This makes the tanks harder to detect, and more importantly harder to target with anti-tank missiles; combined with smoke that can scramble both infrared and radar utilizing small metallic fragments, the tank can at times become virtually impossible to track or hit with guided anti-tank systems, also in regards to laser-guided systems given the smoke. As the tank makes extensive use of radar systems itself to track enemy targets, such as those used by the Apache AH-64 helicopters (which is also used to guide the), it can also provide counter mortar and artillery protection to troops by altering them to the oncoming threats. Other systems that can be used to protect or support infantry are smoke munitions from the 60mm and 120mm mortars, the anti-missile and drone systems which further protect infantry from air dropped munitions or missiles in a given radius around the tank, and the numerous machine guns and light weapons designed for close-infantry support.

All of this combined makes the tank not only have better armor and protection for the crew, but also make the tank harder to hit and track in the first place. The stealth technology and anti-missile countermeasures make it very hard to defeat with missiles, and it's own missile systems allow it to defeat low-flying aircraft and helicopters which traditionally are a threat to tanks, and it's smaller size and better armor makes it harder to track and defeat by other tanks or light vehicles. The Tank also is better designed to support infantry or light vehicles, possessing a 40mm bofors cannon and numerous mortar systems, which allow it to protect and support infantry, as well as defend against light aircraft with the 40mm bofors and anti-air missiles capable of defeating meaning forms of aircraft. The 40mm bofors can also pierce the armor of most light APC's, and has air-bursting munitions, allowing it more readily engage infantry. This gives the tank multi-role capabilities, capable of taking out other tanks, light vehicles, and aircraft, as well as infantry. The overall weight of these weapons systems negligible compared to the overall weight of the tank, and thus hamper the tank very little, but provide incredible support to infantry, and makes the vehicles double as anti-aircraft weapons.




Hybrid Electric Engine - MTU MB 873 Ka-501 liquid-cooled V12 twin-turbo diesel engine
The vehicle makes use of the MTU MB 873 Ka-501 liquid-cooled V12 twin-turbo diesel engine of the leopard II, that's been modified for use in the hybrid electric system. Like the Fed Bravo, the engine reduces fuel consumption by nearly 70% or, increases the fuel efficiency of the vehicle to roughly 3 times that of an ordinary engine. This engine is as reliable and powerful as the M1 Abrams Honeywell turbine engine, however it can only use one type of diesel fuel, rather than aircraft fuel such as JP5 and JP8 like the M1 Abrams. The engine also uses an air compressor and oxygen concentrator to concentrate the atmospheric oxygen to 27% from 20% in normal engines and doubles the air-intake to approximately twice that of a normal tank. [1][2] This has two effects, one in that it increases the fuel efficiency and decreases the operating temperature of the vehicle substantially, and two that it allows the engine to more or less be completely sealed off from the environment, receiving oxygen from a stored air-tank instead, making the engine more protected and require less space to be taken up for it (ordinarily that would require air to travel in to the engine). The Air is stored in multiple 4500 PSI Carbon-fiber/steel hybrid tanks, which can store up to 30 minutes worth of oxygen for the vehicle at any point in time, and in part some for the crew. The air-tanks due pose some danger in the event of catastrophic rupturing, however the armor around the engine largely protects the crew or nearby individuals from harm unless they are directly exposed to the engine. This also shrinks the size of the tank somewhat, allowing it to be lighter weight.

The standard Leopard II engine, with a 62.5 ton tank, has a 340 mile operational range with 317 gallons of fuel, compared to approximately 250 mile operational range with 500 gallons of fuel for the M1 abrams at 68 tons. On it's own, the Leopard II has roughly twice the fuel efficiency as the M1 Abrams, or with a 500 gallon tank and at 68 tons have a range that is approximately 50% greater than a standard M1 abrams, or approximately 540 miles. With the hybrid electric system and 27% oxygen air-intake increasing the efficiency another 50%, the vehicle is 3 times more efficient, and as a result has a longer range and requires less fuel than a standard vehicle. As the M90 scoprion is also much lighter than the M1 abrams, at only 38 tons, this range is increased again, although as the tank fully loaded is 45 tons, this range increase is approximately While the increase in range and speed is useful for the tank, the main advantage of a hybrid engine rests in it's ability to power onboard electronics and weapons systems (such as the electromagnetically enhanced mortars and 120mm cannon), and decreasing the necessary logistics for the military. As most of the losses in Iraq and Afghanistan were from soft-skinned vehicles like fuel trucks, reducing the amount of fuel needed, and thus the necessary trips required to refuel the tanks, reduces the logistics crews exposure to enemy attacks, and thus saves lives. On top of this the tank is almost always refueled by UGV's, or unmanned ground vehicles, which refuel and rearm the tank instead, and both systems are outfitted with mechanisms to allow this process to be completely automated and done in very short periods of time. This eliminates most of the problems associated with refueling and rearming in mid-combat and works to save thousands of lives of the more weakly outfitted armor of the logistics systems.

The engine, like the Israeli Merkava tank, is in the front, which helps absorb energy and fragmentation from rounds that may pierce the front armor of the tank, thus protecting the crew even further. The fuel and ammunition is also stored far away from the crew, to prevent the crew from burning in the event of a catastrophic fire. Typically, the crew is fully armored while in the tank, and has fire resistant clothing to prevent damage from these systems when necessary. The hybrid electric engine powers cooling suits for the crew members, reducing the energy requirements. The weapon makes use of lithium ion batteries for it's hybrid systems, as well as a smaller volume of lithium titanate and lithium ion capacitors for processes requiring faster energy consumption or reduction. Features such as regenerative breaking make use of the capacitors, absorbing and releasing the energy for added fuel efficiency. Furthermore roughly 1200 kilograms of lithium titanate are used to power the 120mm guass-gun cannon, while an additional 300 kilograms of lithium titanate act as a buffer for this system and the standard hybrid electric battery. The battery can be charged independently of the engine, as a plug-in hybrid system, however this only adds about 50 miles range to the vehicle's overall operational range at most. It takes nearly a gallon of fuel and the engine operating at full capacity to charge the capacitors and batteries for the Guass-gun in only a few minutes.




Hybrid Electric Engine - MTU MB 873 Ka-501 liquid-cooled V12 twin-turbo diesel engine
The vehicle makes use of the MTU MB 873 Ka-501 liquid-cooled V12 twin-turbo diesel engine of the leopard II, that's been modified for use in the hybrid electric system. Like the Fed Bravo, the engine reduces fuel consumption by nearly 70% or, increases the fuel efficiency of the vehicle to roughly 3 times that of an ordinary engine. This engine is as reliable and powerful as the M1 Abrams Honeywell turbine engine, however it can only use one type of diesel fuel, rather than aircraft fuel such as JP5 and JP8 like the M1 Abrams. The engine also uses an air compressor and oxygen concentrator to concentrate the atmospheric oxygen to 27% from 20% in normal engines and doubles the air-intake to approximately twice that of a normal tank. [1][2] This has two effects, one in that it increases the fuel efficiency and decreases the operating temperature of the vehicle substantially, and two that it allows the engine to more or less be completely sealed off from the environment, receiving oxygen from a stored air-tank instead, making the engine more protected and require less space to be taken up for it (ordinarily that would require air to travel in to the engine). The Air is stored in multiple 4500 PSI Carbon-fiber/steel hybrid tanks, which can store up to 30 minutes worth of oxygen for the vehicle at any point in time, and in part some for the crew. The air-tanks due pose some danger in the event of catastrophic rupturing, however the armor around the engine largely protects the crew or nearby individuals from harm unless they are directly exposed to the engine. This also shrinks the size of the tank somewhat, allowing it to be lighter weight.

The standard Leopard II engine, with a 62.5 ton tank, has a 340 mile operational range with 317 gallons of fuel, compared to approximately 250 mile operational range with 500 gallons of fuel for the M1 abrams at 68 tons. On it's own, the Leopard II has roughly twice the fuel efficiency as the M1 Abrams, or with a 500 gallon tank and at 68 tons have a range that is approximately 50% greater than a standard M1 abrams, or approximately 540 miles. With the hybrid electric system and 27% oxygen air-intake increasing the efficiency another 50%, the vehicle is 3 times more efficient, and as a result has a longer range and requires less fuel than a standard vehicle. As the M90 scoprion is also much lighter than the M1 abrams, at only 38 tons, this range is increased again, although as the tank fully loaded is 45 tons, this range increase is approximately While the increase in range and speed is useful for the tank, the main advantage of a hybrid engine rests in it's ability to power onboard electronics and weapons systems (such as the electromagnetically enhanced mortars and 120mm cannon), and decreasing the necessary logistics for the military. As most of the losses in Iraq and Afghanistan were from soft-skinned vehicles like fuel trucks, reducing the amount of fuel needed, and thus the necessary trips required to refuel the tanks, reduces the logistics crews exposure to enemy attacks, and thus saves lives. On top of this the tank is almost always refueled by UGV's, or unmanned ground vehicles, which refuel and rearm the tank instead, and both systems are outfitted with mechanisms to allow this process to be completely automated and done in very short periods of time. This eliminates most of the problems associated with refueling and rearming in mid-combat and works to save thousands of lives of the more weakly outfitted armor of the logistics systems.

The engine, like the Israeli Merkava tank, is in the front, which helps absorb energy and fragmentation from rounds that may pierce the front armor of the tank, thus protecting the crew even further. The fuel and ammunition is also stored far away from the crew, to prevent the crew from burning in the event of a catastrophic fire. Typically, the crew is fully armored while in the tank, and has fire resistant clothing to prevent damage from these systems when necessary. The hybrid electric engine powers cooling suits for the crew members, reducing the energy requirements. The weapon makes use of lithium ion batteries for it's hybrid systems, as well as a smaller volume of lithium titanate and lithium ion capacitors for processes requiring faster energy consumption or reduction. Features such as regenerative breaking make use of the capacitors, absorbing and releasing the energy for added fuel efficiency. Furthermore roughly 1200 kilograms of lithium titanate are used to power the 120mm guass-gun cannon, while an additional 300 kilograms of lithium titanate act as a buffer for this system and the standard hybrid electric battery. The battery can be charged independently of the engine, as a plug-in hybrid system, however this only adds about 50 miles range to the vehicle's overall operational range at most. It takes nearly a gallon of fuel and the engine operating at full capacity to charge the capacitors and batteries for the Guass-gun in only a few minutes.


Armor - Chobham, Depleted Uranium, and Reactive Armor
The vehicle utilizes Chobham armor, which is nearly identical in set-up to the M1A2 abrams, utilizing the same metallic matrix and ceramic armor set-up, with slightly different materials used instead. The vehicle also utilizes the same Depleted uranium armor mesh, although it is combined with hardened ceramic dust to make it lighter, and it is covering a smaller overall area to make it lighter as well. The Chobham armor works by using small ceramic tiles, approximately 4 inches wide, in a metallic matrix, strengthening each ceramic tile and preventing all of the ceramics from cracking should the armor be hit. The ceramic armor is only good against a few rounds and shatters when exposed to repeated stresses and against repeated impacts, making it highly effective against KE penetrators and Shaped charges, but only for a few rounds. Because of this the Chobham armor is placed below the outer 2 inches of AR-500 steel armor (which is sufficient in thickness to stop a 20mm round), and is broken up in to several smaller tiles, so only a few tiles break at a time rather than the whole piece of armor. Furthermore the metallic matrix actually strengthens the ceramics, providing crack deflection and dissipating some of the energy. This strength comes from how tightly it is fitted inside the matrix, and by the rubber backing behind the armor. Due to the lower protected volume of the tank, the tank does not need as much armor as a standard M1 abrams, possessing a remote operated turret and a smaller crew compartment area. Departing from M1A2 slightly, the vehicles matrix and ceramics make extensive use modern materials which are much stronger than those used by the M1 abrams, which reduces the weight dramatically. With at least a 20% reduction in weight feasible, the vehicle can use more modern ceramics and steels from the AMAP system, with the ceramics in particular being 70% harder, 30% lighter weight and more resistant to repeated impacts than standard ceramic systems.

The outside of the armor has a non-explosive reactive reactive liner, broken in to smaller cells as a part of a larger matrix, very similar to the Indian Kanchan Armor, however with much lower thickness. This armor serves as standard armor against light caliber weapons, with the outside armor being a fairly standard type of steel armor, being roughly 2 inches of AR500 steel, while the internal layer of armor houses the energetic reactive material. This armor serves as static, passive armor until a weapon manages to penetrate the reactive layer underneath or deliver enough force to activate it, which then activates the countermeasures designed to defeat the shaped charge or high velocity cartridge. While this form of armor is not nearly as effective as explosive reactive armor, it is still more effective than standard armor alone and defeats tandem warheads with relatively little difficulty. The armor also in a way functions as a form of spaced armor, fragmenting and absorbing energy of the round before it passes in to the depleted uranium and ceramic chobham armor below. Unlike explosive reactive armor this armor poses little threat of collateral damage to nearby soldiers and civilians, making it less effective but lighter weight and still effective enough to stop most enemy weapons. This armor is also easier to replace than chobham armor, and works well to stop most small shaped charges, such as RPG's, making it easier to repair the tank when it sustains damage from only light sources. This armor serves as a buffer to the lower armor below, stopping the majority of small arms under 20mm, and most shaped charge warheads that can be fired from missiles or infantry. In combination with the Iron curtain active counter measures, the vehicle is very resistant to RPG's and IED's with a very low chance of the round reaching the troops or armor below. The armor itself more or less stops most RPG's and rounds under the 57mm bofors in terms of power, or 20mm rounds and under with the purely passive element is used. The spaced armor and depleted uranium mesh can stop any round up to a 90mm round, and the ceramic armor is used to stop more powerful weapons than this. There is also caged or slat armor, which helps prematurely detonate tandem charges and shaped charges so they do not come in contact with the armor below. Approximately 90% of the tank is covered in two layers of caged armors, to serve as additional protection against RPG's and other shaped charge weapons.


Active protective systems and electronics
On top of the standard passive protection systems from the armor, the vehicle also utilizes various electronic systems. With the same radar system of the Apache Longbow helicopter design to aim and fire the AGM-114 missiles, the same radar system of the RIM-7 Sea-sparrow, and various counter mortar system, the vehicle has an array of sensors and radar systems, ranging from various thermal vision cameras over the entire tank to help the crew see, to automatic targeting systems to detect and shoot down missiles. The vehicle can detect oncoming aircraft and other vehicles, which allows them to detect threats they cannot visually confirm, and prevent friendly fire incidents by utilizing friend-or-foe identifying mechanisms. The vehicle also has an auditory detection system, known as the boomerang anti-sniper countermeasure, which immediately forwards the information to infantry in the vicinity to make them aware of the direction of sniper fire, as well as machine gun and rifle fire. Counter mortar radar, based on the AN-TPQ-36, which detects oncoming mortar and artillery rounds alerts the soldiers of their presence so they can move out of the way to avoid being hit, along with the tank itself. While these systems alert the crew and infantry of the threat, counter measures such as the and Iron curtain anti-missile counter-measures, or C-RAM measures using a 7.62mm minigun to shoot down the threats as a final countermeasure to defeat the threats themselves are also used. This provides a sort of protective dome around the tank, as anything within a certain square radius will be shot down and intercepted before it can harm infantry or the tank, and easily and quickly defeats anti-tank missile systems and RPG's. When used in this role, the 7.62mm minigun uses explosive rounds that airburst and prematurely detonate before traveling long distances where they could potentially cause friendly fire or collateral damage. The Iron curtain countermeasure is effective against high velocity targets at close range, and produces minimal collateral damage effects, especially to nearby infantry, also being viable on virtually all surfaces of the vehicle. The vehicle as well can use 60mm smoke grenades or mortar rounds to help conceal the tank or surrounding vehicles and infantry, protecting them from visual inspection, laser-guided systems and with the right smoke, even radar and thermal guided systems via the use of metallic flakes within the smoke to disrupt this. All of the electronic mechanisms communicate with the soldier's electronic systems, giving them up-to-date information on the battlemap.

On top of this, the tank serves as a basis for drone-launching, being powered by the hybrid electric system, which provides up-to-date areal reconnaissance over the battlefield, and the ability to spot targets at incredibly long distances. This also helps to benefit infantry, who also are capable of using this information to see the enemies and find their hiding spots ahead of deployment. Roughly 4 UAV's are used, with 3 in constant use and a 4th usually recharging or reserved for emergency purposes. These drones have a roughly 12 hour life-span, can be recharged in under an hour as a result of their lithium titanate system, and while largely unarmed can deploy smoke and tear gas for infantry purposes. Some come equipped with lightweight 9mm submachine guns as weapons, but due to the drone's relatively small size this often isn't done, being used more for a reconnaissance role. The drones can travel up to 120 miles, but typically are within a few miles of the tank, and hover for most of the time. The vehicle also possess an array of cameras, using ALON glass that helps to provide protection against .50 caliber rounds, and 360 degrees of view for the tank, with the cameras having overlapping views. The vehicle has 36 individual cameras and 12 panoramic cameras which provide views from the machine guns, heavy weapons, cannon, and various angles of the vehicle, giving 360 degree view protection.

The Iron Curtain system uses a radar to detect the incoming round and cue the system. It then switches from armed-ready state to an armed state. As the round comes into close range, the optical sensor profiles the threat and tracks it within 1 cm (0.39 in) of accuracy to select an aimpoint and determine which ballistic countermeasure to fire. The countermeasure deflagrates the RPG warhead without detonating it, leaving the dudded round to bounce off the vehicles side. Because of its shelf-like design, the system can be modified to protect almost any surface, from the sides of the vehicle to all around protection, including a turret. Artis claims that the Iron Curtain can be enhanced to protect against “more challenging threats” like the RPG-29 and RPG-32 ‘Hashim’ multipurpose anti-tank grenade launchers, which utilize tandem warheads for penetrating tanks with explosive reactive armor. Iron Curtain should also be able to defend against ATGMs (Anti-Tank Guided Missiles). The system has 360° coverage, is multi-shot, low-cost, low power, lightweight, and rugged and reliable. In April 2013, the company announced it achieved a perfect score during rigorous government tests. The system, which began in 2005 as a DARPA program, is able to defeat threats even if fired from an extremely close range. It has undergone significant safety testing, including temperature and shock testing, and its software architecture has been approved by the U.S. military's Joint Services Weapons Safety Review Process. The countermeasure fires straight down or up, neutralizing the incoming threat within inches of the vehicle, separating the system from many others which intercept threats several meters out, resulting in minimal risk of collateral damage to dismounted troops or civilians.

The vehicle utilizes a number of weapons and active-defense systems, for anti-infantry, missile, and aircraft capabilities. The tank possesses a 40mm Bofors cannon and several anti-air missiles, which while useful for offensive measures also make the tank multi-role and capable of taking down light and some heavy aircraft, and gives the tank defense against airborne threats, such as tank-busting helicopters like the AH-64. The tank also utilizes several remote controlled machine guns, including the 40mm automatic grenade launcher with 1000 rounds, a .50 caliber M2HB machine gun with 4000 rounds, and .30 caliber minigun with 5000 rounds. The weapons not only serve in the infantry role, but also in an anti-vehicle role, with both the .50 caliber machine gun and the 40mm grenade launcher capable of piercing over an inch of RHA steel, and the 40mm grenade launcher capable of penetrating over 2 inches. The .30 caliber minigun, like the Phalanx CIWS defense system can also be used to shoot down drones or missiles at close range, and thus is part of the active defense system of the tank against these threats. In this way most of the weapons are multi-role, serving as anti-infantry, anti-aircraft, and anti-vehicle weapons, as well as in defensive measures when needed. The 40mm bofors cannon in particular allows for the engagement of light APC's, infantry with the air-bursting mechanisms (with nearly a pound of explosives in each round, more than a standard hand grenade), and high-altitude aircraft, making it one of the most versatile and effective weapons, carrying close to 2,000 rounds of ammunition. Furthermore the use of a chain-gun style system has reduced the weight of the weapon to 800 pounds vs. 10,000 pounds for a similarly sized system, and the ammunition has been reduced from 4.5 to 2.5 pounds. While some variants of the tank make use of

On top of this are numerous active defensive systems revolving around radar and other active countermeasures, which serve in a multi-role purpose. The same radar system designed to target aircraft for the AGM-114, can be used to detect oncoming mortar rounds or alert the tank to airborne threats, to show them how to disengage the enemies. The same anti-missile EMP weapons can be used to shoot down drones or serve as a counter measure to electronic warfare system, protecting the tank in different ways. Many of these systems provide invaluable intelligence for the user, allowing to more reliably detect and engage vehicle and airborne threats, on top of being used for guided missile systems. The modern electronics systems, such as the variety of cameras, can be used to detect oncoming missiles and other projectiles, as well as provide 360 degree views and thus better situational awareness to the crew members. All of these systems combined provide not only incredible offensive and defensive systems, but muti-role capabilities.

On top of the aforementioned machine guns and defense systems, the tank usually uses a 120mm or 130mm Rheinmetall tank cannon with magnetic assistance, 8 AGM-114 hellfire missiles, 4 FIM-stinger missiles, and 4 RIM-7 Sea-sparrow missiles. On top of this the vehicle typically uses 2 60mm mortars, and 2 120mm mortar for light-infantry smoke and smoke cover, with 400 and 100 rounds for each weapon systems respectively. These mortars are capable of many uses, and are very powerful additions for infantry, but are comparatively light for the overall size of the tank, making them a very practical and realistic addition for infantry combat. The tank also utilizes all the radar and electronic systems necessary to deploy these missiles and weapons, which also double as systems The Tank makes use of the most modern guided and stabilization systems for the weapons, including the main cannon, which is based on the infrared laser-range finder and other electronics from the M1A2 .v3 upgrade. This makes the tank more accurate and able to shoot better when on the move, and increases the overall range of the main cannon. Without electromagnetic assistance the main cannon typically has a range of about 5 miles, and with electromagnetic assistance can be increased to roughly 10 miles. All combined, these weapons systems, other than the main cannon, weigh approximately 15,800 pounds or 8 tons, or 5800 pounds for the 40mm bofors and 2000 rounds, 5000 pounds for the 60mm and 120mm mortars and 500 rounds, 3000 pounds for 8 AGM-114 missiles, 4 RIM-Sea sparrow missiles and 4 FIM-stinger missiles, and 2040 for all of the machine guns and their ammunition. The tank can carry up to 90 tank rounds, which weight approximately 50 pounds each (for a total of 4500 pounds), and the weight of the batteries and capacitors are approximately 3300 pounds. These additional weapon systems, while heavy, are designed to be used in close infantry support roles and in urban combat, a role which became apparent for the M1 abrams in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. The additional ammunition weight of the system involves approximately 12,000 pounds of the system's weight (largely for the mortar, missile, and 40mm bofors system) along with an additional 4500 pounds of ammunition for the tank, for a total of 16,500 pounds or, 8 additional tons of ammunition. For this reason, less ammunition is often stored than the maximum capable, reducing the vehicle's weight by 4-6 tons.


120mm Rheinmetall MAC Gun
While the tank is designed to be modular and can incorporate a variety of different weapons, typically the tank utilizes etheir a 120mm Rheinmetall cannon (which can be converted to a 130mm Rheinmetall cannon), or a 155mm Howitzer designed for the M109A6 Paladin. The standard configuration utilizes a modified 120mm Rheinmetall cannon cannon, that uses magnetic assistance to help incresae the velocity and power of the projectile. Based on the Darpa Guass-gun project, the tank relies upon the high initial velocity of the standard 120mm tank rounds in order to allow for the much less efficient electromagnetic system to accelerate the projectile to velocities outside that of normal chemical propellants. Capable of using both normal 120mm tank rounds or magnetically assisted rounds, the vehicles hybrid not only plays on the strengths and weaknesses of both weapons, but also allows for a greater variety of munitions to be potentially used, and for adjustable power levels against certain threats. The guass gun, while power, consumes enormous amounts of energy and is harder to produce, requiring massive battery packs (1200 kilograms for the capacitors, and 300 kilograms for the lithium-titanate), and being very expensive to make. Rather than making a railgun or guass-gun which completely replaces the 120mm cannon, instead it only augments the weapons, helping to bridge the gap of the power levels of guass-guns, and remove the rapid-shot issues associated with the weapons. With the guass-gun reserved only for a few rounds when needed, the guass gun can be reserved for 1-3 rounds and applied only when needed, rather than as a replacement for a standard tank gun, which is just not plausible at the time. As well, high explosive, missile and fragmenting ammunition can not as easily be used in the system, allowing it to retain the versatility of the 120mm cannon, and only drawing on the extreme power of the guass gun when absolutely needed. With a 30-100% increase in power, and the standard M829A4 rounds capable of defeating nearly any tank in the world regardless of this magnetic acceleration boost, the weapon can easily defeat any tank or emerging tanks that might arrive on the battlefield. Over time, this guass gun design may be improved or replaced, with better or more efficient batteries and weapon systems.

The combined heat and energy issues for the railguns (requiring approximately 1200 kilograms of lithium-ion capacitors for one shot, and 300 kilograms of lithium-titante batteries for reserve energy for 3 shots, amounting to roughly 2/3rds of a gallon of gasoline per shot of energy, and 3300 pounds of batteries, or 1.5 tons) make it not a practical replacement for modern tank weapons, but instead a way to augment them to be used against anti-tank threats when needed. As most tanks are used for light infantry support or anti-vehicle purposes and not in tank battles at all times, the ability to have a reserve or back-up shot designed to defeat enemy tanks, and a cannon that can perform regular duties in higher volumes but with less power, helps mitigate the problems with using newer, modern electromagnetically propelled systems, as well as eliminate the need for absolutely massive or gigantic guass-gun or railguns to do the same job. As the starting initial velocity is higher, the barrel of the guass gun can be much shorter, and the gun can be more efficient, reducing it's size and weight, in addition to boosting the power of the gun with a high initial energy. This high velocity is much more than would be possible or achievable realistically with chemical propellants alone, and yet does not solely rely upon the railgun, making it smaller and more efficient. This hybrid design is a more realistic and practical use of electromagnetic propelled systems, gaining the advantages of every weapon system and being more powerful than any system could alone. The weapon possesses a standard 14-16 meajoule round, with the armor piercing sabots capable of being accelerated to 1750 m/s with a 10 kilogram round, which can be boosted in energy by 30-100%, or to 20-32 megajoules of total energy, resulting in a velocity of 2,000 m/s and 2,500 m/s respectively. With 30% improvements the weapon has an automatic reserve in the capacitors of 4 shots at 30%, or 1 "super-charge" shot at 100% power increases. On top of this is an additional lithium-ion battery, which can charge the capacitors much faster than the hybrid battery of the tank, allowing for an additional 3 shots at 100%, or 12 at 30% if need be. The tank's automated guidance system can be quickly switched between the standard, 30%, and 100% systems, but can be adjusted for any velocity need be. The 120mm guns also have a slightly longer cannon with slightly less friction, which increases the velocity of the standard rounds a small amount as well, to 1,750 m/s.

To reduce the wear and tear on the rail system, the vehicle also possesses a cooling system which is routed through the vehicles main radiator, and allows the tank itself to serve as an enormous heat sink, coupled with aluminum and graphene films to help disperse the heat over the tank more quickly. The barrel is made up cobalt-chrome and is flow formed, which helps reduce the heat, allowing the weapon to dissipate heat faster, and allows the barrel to handle higher temperatures, up to 1100 degrees. [1][2] On top of this, the barrel is cryogenically treated, making it harder and giving it an overall longer life. Rifled variants of the barrel utilize polygonal rifling with a gain twist, which increases barrel life and doesn't reduce the velocity of the round like normal rifled barrels.


40mm Bofors
The weapon utilizes a 40mm Bofors cannon chain gun, of which it holds approximately 2000 rounds (5000 pounds). The gun itself is approximately 800 pounds, significantly lighter and smaller than the larger 10,000 pound L70 variant, and yet it has a slightly higher range and power. Furthermore, this variant of the 40mm bofors utilizes telescopic cased rounds, which are only 2.5 pounds each, vs. approximately 4.5 pound for a standard round, which significantly reduces the weight of the carry load. Typically the weapon utilizes a larger 40 × 364R round firing a slightly lighter 870 g shell at a much higher 1,030 m/s (3,379 fps) muzzle velocity, generating approximately 465,000 joules of energy. The weapon is good for both anti-vehicle, anti-aircraft, and anti-infantry purposes capable of penetrating the armor of virtually all light APC's on the battlefield today and taking down low flying aircraft at an altitude of 25,000 to 35,000 feet, being particularly effective against helicopters. While some APC's are being designed to be resistant to 30mm rounds, and most are not, the 40mm bofors can easily penetrate through the armor, being much larger and more powerful than the 30mm x 173mm round, at 870 grams vs. 372 grams for a 30mm, and having a 450,000 joules of energy vs. about 200,000. This incredibly high energy also makes the round the rounds good for anti-aircraft purposes, capable of flying to high altitudes and detonating mid-air, peppering the aircraft with shrapnel and disrupting them in flight with the concussive force. Each round is between 870 and 1000 grams, around 2 pounds, and is bigger and more powerful than a standard hand grenade. When used against infantry, especially in an air-bursting role, it is very effective, capable of penetrating barriers and detonating inside of them, or blowing up in mid-air to pepper large volumes of infantry with explosive fire and shrapnel. Given that the weapon can fire up to 200 rounds a minute, it is possible to cover a sky When used in tandem with other APC's and tanks, they blanket the sky with bullets, proving much more effective in large numbers and capable of wiping out most enemy forces. By themselves they would be a powerful weapon, but combined with the rest of the vehicle's weapons and in tandem with other vehicles, it provides a strategic capability that blends the combat roles of the vehicles it's mounted on.


60mm and 120mm Mortar
The vehicle utilizes both 60mm and 120mm mortars, using two of each, with each mortar being 42 and 120 pounds each, respectively. Because the baseplate, bipod, and other mounting fixtures are not needed for each weapon, the weight of each weapon is lower, however the automatic loading mechanism designed to keep the weapons loaded. Like the machine guns, the weapons are completely remotely operated, and utilize an automatic loading system, with slightly different propellant than normal to make this process easier to perform. Similar to the metal storm weapons systems, the weapons store and fire mortar rounds which are electrically ignited, but are loaded in to the weapon with a chaingun style system, removing the radially stacked design. This allows for the mortar tube firing system to be incredibly simple, but the weapons are automatically loaded by an externally powered device, so they do not need to operate like traditional semiautomatic weapons. Due to the weight of ammunition, roughly 3 pounds for the 60mm mortar and 30 pounds for the 120mm mortars, approximately 400 rounds (1200 pounds) and 100 rounds (3000 pounds) of ammunition are held for each weapon system respectively, with roughly half that for each gun. The mortars use a high-to-low pressure system to reduce recoil, which makes it easier to mount on to the tank. They can also utilize an optional guass-system which enhances their velocity by about 30%, and is based on the Darpa firing system, sapping energy from the hybrid vehicles batteries in order to operate. While comparatively light for a tank, it's comparatively heavy for infantry, and thus removes the need to infantry to carry such weapons and provides incredible power for infantry, while being only a minor nuisance for the tank. In coordination with the land warrior systems these mortars can be remote controlled by infantry on the ground, providing themselves automatic support from mortar fire when needed. The weight of the entire system combined is 4,524 pounds, plus an additional 500 pounds for the operating chain gun mechanism (5024 pounds).


Missiles - RIM7 Seasparrow, AGM-114, FIM-92 Stinger
The tank makes extensive use of missiles, including anti-air missile technology. The tank possesses 4 RIM-7 Sea-sparrow missiles meant for long range and high altitude anti-aircraft target engagement, while it also uses 4 FIM-92 Stinger based missiles for low-flying anti-aircraft capabilities, particularly helicopters. While the AGM-114 missiles are capable of being used to take down light helicopters, primarily they are used in a tank busting role. These missiles are expensive, and thus are used as a last resort against the most severe threats, and designed to be used in tandem with other anti-aircraft weaponry. The RIM-7 Sea sparrow weights 510 pounds (2040 pounds), the AGM-114 weighs 108 pounds per missile (864 pounds), and the FIM-Stinger 92 weights 33.5 pounds (134 pounds), for a total of 3,040 pounds, or 1.5 tons for the missiles. However, these missiles in general require complicated radar and tracking systems in order to be able to function, such as those used with the Apache Helicopter and RIM-7 Seasparrow. These same systems are multiple purpose and are used to help aim the tank cannons and machine guns, as well as counter mortar and other systems, giving the tank the ability to target multiple airborne targets and ground vehicles with much greater precision than before.


Machine Gun
The weapon utilizes two M134 7.62mm miniguns with 5000 rounds each, one .50 Caliber MH2B machine gun with 4000 rounds each, and one 40mm Automatic grenade launcher with 1000 rounds. The two M134 weighs 84 pounds and has 280 pounds of ammunition for a total of 730 pounds, the .50 Caliber machine gun is 120 pounds with 4000 rounds at 1000 pounds for a total of 1,120 pounds, and the 40mm automatic grenade launcher at 80 pounds with 500 pounds for 1000 rounds at a total of 580 pounds, for a grand total of 2,430 pounds, or roughly 1.2 tons of weight. The M134 minigun can be used to shoot down drones and missiles, and is designed like the Phalanx CIWS, with similar electronics, to provide active protection against such threats. These miniguns can also be used against infantry. Certain variants can use caseless rounds, which reduce the overall weight of the weapon systems and the weapons themselves, and are optional additions with roughly the same purpose, with 6.5mm miniguns being used instead of 7.62mm. The M134B Caseless minigun uses ammunition that is roughly half the weight as the 7.62mm minigun, as do most of the caseless ammunition. In tandem with infantry forces these machine guns make good for good light support weapons, possessing anti-infantry and light anti-vehicle capabilities. The weapons while comparatively light for a tank, are very heavy for infantry, and thus the possession of these weapons allows for good infantry support, and multi-role use for the tanks. The weapons are all remote controlled, with systems similar to the CROWS, which allows the crew to remain safely behind armor when they're in use, and reduces the control complexity, allowing them to be automated (such as in the case of anti-air or missile defense roles), or be switched to by the mere press of a button.