Vocabulary:
と/to: and (this means 'these and nothing else'. It may be used with more that one thing: 1 と 2 と 3 と 4)
や/ya: and (this means 'these and more, but im too lazy to say them all'. Kind of like 'etc.' in english. It may be used with more that one thing: 1 や 2 や 3 や 4)
In this lesson you will learn about あります/arimasu and います/imasu!
あります/arimasu:
Dictionary form: ある/aru
This means "there are/is". It is used only for inanimate(not alive) objects.
います/imasu:
Dictionary form: いる/iru
This means "there are/is". It is used for animate (alive) animals/people. Since plants don't move around, they are not considered 'alive' in Japanese.
The particle you use when using these verbs is 'が/ga' instead of 'わ/wa' for some reason or another. 'が/ga' is also a subject indicator.
Examples:
Aoi Hon ga arimasen.
あおい ほん が ありません。
There is not a blue book./I do not have a blue book.*
Koneko ga sanbiki imasu.
こねこ が さんびき います。
There are 3 kittens./I have 3 kittens.*
Arimasu and Imasu may be used for "have", but I think the more correct form of "have" is Motte imasu.
My last japanese teachers favorite sentence:
SHITSUMON GA ARIMASU KA??
(Is there/Do you have any questions?)
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